Question:
Hi,
i have a 4 month old Siberian Husky puppy.
He's very outgoing and friendly and listens very well inside the house. But outside is a different story!
When out walking on a leash he will pull, which isnt that bad right now since hes not very big, but it will become a problem because im small myself! And also, he has gotten loose from me a few times and ive only caught him by pure luck.
He will not pay me any mind when i call him or yell his name or anything! He just goes! So my question is how do i get him to stop pulling and most importantly, to come when called?? From what everyone has told me, this is very typical of the husky breed but i feel like you can teach any dog to obey.
Thanks!
Answer:
There is a lot to cover here that is for sure, your puppy is only young so the first thing I think that you need to do is set your expectations of where your dog should be in his training. I think that often dog owners think that dogs come pre-programmed to do things like coming when called, or walking on lead - but these aren't natural behaviours for a dog (no other dog calls them or puts a lead on them) so it is our job to train them to do what we want them to do (obviously).
Training takes time and effort - when you look at a really well trained dog, like a guide dog, or a police dog - we must realise that those dogs have been trained daily for 18-24 months - while their breed characteristics may play a part, it is the hard work behind the scene that gets the behaviour.
So before we get into the nitty gritty of the training lets have a quick chat about breeds and what that means in relation to behaviour and of course our expectations. I look at dog breeds as primarily falling into 2 categories - dogs that are biddable (good at being told what to do) and dogs that are unbiddable ( not so good at being told what to do).
These categories are really formed by the job that the dog was originally bred to perform. Biddable dogs traditionally preformed a job that required someone to tell them what to do - herding and retrieving (think Border Collies, Golden Retrievers, German Shepherds), their jobs require close interaction with a human handler telling them what to do.
On the other hand our unbiddable dogs preform tasks that maybe just as important - ratting and livestock guarding for example (think terriers, maremmas, huskies), their jobs however does not require the same level of human interaction to get the job done, and because of that they are traditionally seen as stubborn, wilful, and difficult to train. Really though, we just bred them to be their own boss.
The benefit of training unbiddable dogs with positive reinforcement is just how much simpler it is to get their agenda and our agenda to line up - we do this by making it desirable for the dog to do what we ask them to do. The main difference between training a biddable dog and an unbiddable dog is to understand their motivations and to use that motivator to get what you want. Things that motivate are the things that the dogs want - can be food and toys, but it could also be a drink, the chance to run, the opportunity to sniff the next tree. Really it could be anything, the tricky thing is how you can control the motivator to use it as a reward.
Ok, now that is out of the way - let's look at some training:
Pulling on a Walk:
- After years of watching Owners interact with puppies, my observations indicate that Owners make the initial mistake in inadvertently teach the dog to pull. The first thing that puppy owners do is pull their puppy around - that's right owners teach the puppy that being on a lead is about pulling because they do it first. When they want their dog to move with them, instead of encouraging the dog to move with their words and body - they yank the dog around, creating tension on the lead, and at the same time informing the dog that this tension is how the leash should feel. ( I have seen people yank their puppy so hard it basically flew back 1 metre before then running back to pull on the lead).
I often say to my clients, that there is only one animal connected to this lead who knows what a leash walk should look like - and it isn't the dog. So the less you pull on the lead first, the easier your training is going to go. It is natural for a dog to pull on a lead that is pulling against them in the opposite direction - it is called Opposition Reflex and people suffer from it too. This is why lead pulling is more like an odd game of tug of war rather than all the dogs fault.
Start thinking of your walk in a co-operative way rather then a battle where the dog must comply. The easiest way is to reward your dog for standing beside you. Whilst in your back yard - take a step, reward the dog for coming with you, take another step, reward the dog - now add a cue that lets the dog know that you are about to move. "Let's Go!"take a step, give a treat - repeat 1 million times. Start increasing the amount of steps, "Let's go"two steps then treat, then three steps, then four. Just keep building - but don't be afraid to go back and do less steps before rewards as well - this makes the training process more interesting as we are not always adding the extra pressure to keep getting better. When we are at school there is lots we have to learn before doing Algebra - it is the same for your dog. Baby steps get you to where you want to go - when you are great in the backyard - move to the front yard and do it there then slowly expand out into the rest of the street.
- Coming when called:
In the training world we call this Recall, and what we want to do is to teach our dogs that of all the things in their environment, we are the most possible rewarding thing in any given moment - again we need to build up to this.
The simplest thing you can do at the moment is to teach your puppy that their name has value. This is very straight forward - for 2 weeks, twice per day say your dogs name and follow it immediately with a treat. This will create a strong association with the dog that means their name is worth coming to. You may need to use extra special food treats like cooked chicken to make your dogs name extra special. Practice in low distraction areas first and then practice in many new environments. You can use a long recall lead so you have some control and confidence over your dog.